Django is an open-source framework in Python, renowned for developing complex, data-driven websites. It comes equipped with a robust set of templates, libraries, and APIs, facilitating the creation of scalable web development projects. Django stands out as the most widely used Python framework and forms the backbone of numerous popular websites, including Instagram, Pinterest, Bitbucket, Nextdoor, and The Washington Times.

TurboGears is a comprehensive web application framework that integrates Web Server Gateway Interface (WSGI) components such as SQLAlchemy, Repoze, and WebOb. Similar to Ruby on Rails (RoR) or Apache Struts, TurboGears is built on the MVC (Model-View-Controller) architecture, promoting rapid web application development. It addresses the limitations found in many other web and mobile app development frameworks by offering a streamlined setup process.

Hug is designed to simplify the process of developing APIs, allowing Python developers to write an API once and deploy it across multiple platforms with ease. Known as the fastest web framework for Python 3, Hug facilitates local development, HTTP interactions, and command-line interface (CLI) work. By optimizing resource usage and utilizing Cython for compilation, Hug enhances performance. It also adheres to the "write once, use anywhere" principle and includes automatic documentation support.

Pyramid is a popular Python framework favored by major technology companies such as Mozilla, Yelp, Dropbox, and SurveyMonkey. Its appeal lies in its simplicity and flexibility, making it suitable for both small and large projects.

Pyramid is lightweight and highly adaptable, allowing seamless integration with third-party libraries and plugins. It offers comprehensive templating and asset management, extensive testing support, and thorough documentation. Additionally, it provides robust authentication and authorization mechanisms.

Tornado is an open-source web framework and asynchronous networking library, originally developed by FriendFeed and later acquired by Facebook. It excels in handling large numbers of simultaneous connections, making it ideal for real-time applications such as chat apps, bots, and web scrapers.

Tornado addresses the C10k problem by efficiently managing over 10,000 concurrent connections. It supports third-party authentication and authorization, real-time services, non-blocking HTTP clients, customizable web templates, and capabilities for WebSockets and long-polling.

NumPy, short for Numerical Python, is a library that facilitates mathematical and logical operations on arrays. It includes a multidimensional array object and a collection of routines for array processing, making it a cornerstone for scientific computing in Python.

The library consists of a multidimensional array of objects and a collection of routines for processing the arrays.It also has functions for working in domain of linear algebra, fourier transform, and matrices.NumPy aims to provide an array object that is up to 50x faster than traditional Python lists.

Pandas is an open-source Python library that provides data structures and tools for data analysis. Licensed under the BSD license, Pandas is widely used in various fields, including finance, economics, analytics, and statistics, due to its ease of use and powerful data manipulation capabilities.

Matplotlib is a plotting library that enables the creation of 2D graphs and plots using Python scripts. It supports a wide range of graph types, including bar charts, histograms, error charts, and power spectra. The Pyplot module within Matplotlib simplifies plotting with features like customizable color lines, axes formatting, and font properties.

Flask is a micro web framework in Python that includes a built-in development server and unit testing support. This lightweight framework supports RESTful request dispatching and is extensively documented, making it accessible for developers to get started quickly.

Web2py is a cross-platform Python framework for web development. Introduced in 2007, it includes a code editor, debugger, and deployment tools, providing a comprehensive environment for building web applications.

It is renowned for its ease of use, rapid development capabilities, and comprehensive set of tools that make it a favorite among both novice and experienced developers. As a cross-platform framework, Web2py can run on various operating systems, including Windows, macOS, and Linux, making it highly accessible and versatile.

Bottle is a minimalist WSGI web framework designed to be lightweight and easy to use. It is distributed as a single file module, requiring only the Python Standard Library to operate. Bottle includes features like URL routing, built-in HTTP server, template support, and integration with key/value databases.

CherryPy enables the creation, retrieval, updating, and deletion (CRUD) of application data, facilitating project management through a web browser. This versatile framework can run on various HTTP servers, offers a flexible plugin system, and comes with built-in tools for profiling, coverage, and testing.

Falcon is a minimalist web framework designed for building small-scale applications and APIs. It follows the REST architectural principles and is equipped with various add-ons, templates, and packages to streamline the development process. Falcon is known for its high performance and simplicity.

AIOHTTP is an asynchronous web framework that leverages Python 3.5+ features like async and await. Built on the asyncio library, AIOHTTP can function as both a server and a client framework. It provides tools such as request objects and routers to facilitate efficient query handling and redirection.

CubicWeb is a comprehensive, semantic web framework developed by Logilab. It utilizes a unique approach where applications are constructed using reusable components called cubes. These cubes are combined to create instances with the help of a database, web server, and configuration files, bypassing the traditional separate views and models.

Giotto is a full-stack web framework that adheres to the Model View Controller (MVC) pattern, enabling clear separation of design, development, and system administration tasks. It includes modules that support building applications for the web, IRC, and command line interfaces, promoting independent development.

Growler is an asynchronous web framework inspired by NodeJS and the Express/Connect frameworks, built on Python’s asyncio library. It employs middleware technology to handle requests, offering a modern, non-blocking approach to web development.